Wireless Heterogeneous Network

Heterogeneous network environment can be viewed as connecting computers and network devices such as switches, repeaters and routers with different protocols and different operating systems which varies in type, size, and topology; differences and how these networks can relate or interact with each other. Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) are an attractive means of expanding or increasing mobile network capacity thereby eradicating the problems to communicate between other networks when switching from one access technology to another. A heterogeneous network is typically composed of multiple radio access technologies, architectures, transmission solutions, and base stations of varying transmission power. Heterogeneous network integrate many up to date wireless technologies together to provide multimedia services by session initiation protocol (SIP) – based Internet protocol (IP) multimedia subsystems via mobile multiple mode devices

Quadratic exponential random early detection: a new enhanced random early detection-oriented congestion control algorithm for routers

Network congestion is still a problem on the internet. The random early detection (RED) algorithm being the most notable and widely implemented congestion algorithm in routers faces the problems of queue instability and large delay arising from the presence of an ineffectual singular linear packet dropping function. This research article presents a refinement to RED, named quadratic exponential random early detection (QERED) algorithm, which exploits the advantages of two drop functions, namely quadratic and exponential in order to enhance the performance of RED algorithm. ns-3 simulation studies using various traffic load conditions to assess and benchmark the effectiveness of QERED with two improved variants of RED affirmed that QERED offers a better performance in terms of average queue size and delay metrics at various network scenarios. Fortunately, to replace/upgrade the implementation for RED algorithm with QERED’s in routers will require minimal effort due to the fact that nothing more besides the packet dropping probability profile got to be adjusted